Though most metallurgists refer to the metal as columbium, the name niobium was officially adopted by chemical authorities in 1950 after 100 years of controversy.
Columbium is steel-gray or silvery-white, but takes on a bluish tint when exposed to air at room temperatures for extended periods. The metal’s oxidation in air commences at 200°C. Columbium, when used in alloying, improves strength, and its superconductive properties are enhanced when combined with zirconium.
Applications: Sodium vapor lamps, corrosion-resistant equipment, superconducting magnets, aerospace parts, alloys, and drill bits.
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